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Abstract. The article proposes the term "isocrates" for organic substances with different molecular formulae, but with the same quantitative element composition. The paper considers a solution of the problem of establishing the molecular formula of substance according to the data of the element analysis based on the use of algebraic formulae that reflect relation of elements masses. In deriving the formulae, the indicator of cyclicism and unsaturation of the hydrocarbon or its derivative is used. The ways of formal formation of isocrates, which differ from pericyclic reactions and polymerization processes, are analyzed. This approach is useful in teaching the classification of substances in organic chemistry to students.
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Key words and phrases: изократы, молекулярная формула органического вещества, показатель цикличности и ненасыщенности, элементный анализ, алгебраические формулы углеродного и кислородного чисел, isocrates, molecular formula of organic substance, indicator of cyclicism and unsaturation, element analysis, algebraic formulae of carbon and oxygen numbers
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Русский
