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Abstract. The author makes the conclusions about the reasons and manifestations of the Soviet Union lag behind the United States in industry production rate and quality by the end of the 1950s by the materials of the president of Gor'kii Council of National Economy (Sovnarkhoz) N. N. Smelyakov's reports on his business trip to the United States intended for official use in due time and mentions that the research of this problem allows to understand not only the specificity and mechanisms of the soviet and American industry functioning in comparison with each other but also to ascertain the reasons of soviet industry functioning model collapse.

Key words and phrases: разделение труда, прибыль, процесс принятия управленческих решений, плановые показатели, снижение затрат на себестоимость продукции, совет народного хозяйства (совнархоз), обновление промышленного оборудования, производственные простои, division of labor, income, management decision making process, planned figures, production cost cutting, Council of National Economy (Sovnarkhoz), industrial equipment renewal, production ineffective time