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Abstract.
The aim of the research is to show the organizational and political activities of worker patronage brigades and “25,000-ers” (25,000 workers) during the initial period of full collectivization in the Tambov District in the context of their interaction with local party and Soviet authorities. The source base for the article included archival materials, as well as published collections of documents and regional periodicals from the first half of 1930. The article reveals the stages of the mobilization campaign for sending industrial workers, mainly from enterprises in the Vyborg District of Leningrad, to the Tambov countryside. The methods used by these workers to achieve the required results in collectivization and dekulakization were identified and established. It is shown that the use of urban workers as leaders of collective farm organizations was often inefficient. The article substantiates the formal-bureaucratic attitude of local authorities towards the living and working conditions of the Leningraders, presenting documentary evidence of the material and domestic difficulties they faced in many districts of the region. This contributed to deviant behavior, despondent moods, and a widespread tendency among some of them to return to their enterprises. The scientific novelty of the research lies in using new archival materials and published documents on the topic under study, including information about the participation of worker patronage brigades in the initial stage of collectivization, which has previously been little studied. The article for the first time focuses attention on the differences between worker patronage brigades and “25,000-ers”, which manifested in their initial preparedness and subsequent activities in the Tambov countryside. As a result of the research, both positive and negative aspects of the workers’ activities during the period of full collectivization in the Tambov District were established. The Leningrad workers had a constructive influence on the transformation of the Tambov countryside in technical matters, as well as in the socio-political and cultural spheres. At the same time, they made serious mistakes and excesses in the process of collectivization. This was largely due to their interaction with local party and Soviet authorities, who failed to provide them with proper guidance and assistance.
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