От многообразия подходов к жанру в преподавании английского языка как иностранного до интегрированной кросс-культурной модели жанровой педагогики: теоретический обзор
Аленькина Татьяна Борисовна
Московский физико-технический институт (государственный университет)
Дата поступления рукописи в редакцию: 10.04.2022
Аннотация. Цель обзора - определить и синтезировать основные тенденции развития подходов к жанру в англо-американском и мировом педагогическом контексте обучения английскому языку как иностранному, а также представить относительно новую область исследований для российской педагогики и ввести в научный обиход и практику наиболее известные термины и методы. Новизна исследования обусловлена тремя аспектами. Во-первых, представленный в статье жанровый подход заключается в новой модели жанровой педагогики, которая основана на достижениях трех современных перспективных направлений гуманитарной мысли - системной функциональной лингвистики, английского языка для специальных целей, новой риторики. Во-вторых, в статье изложены основные методы представителей этих направлений - учебный цикл (системная функциональная лингвистика), макроструктура текста (английский для специальных целей), колесо риторического планирования (новая риторика). В-третьих, выдвинутая в статье гипотеза об эффективности жанрового подхода позволяет говорить о его возможном внедрении в практику преподавания английского языка для академических и специальных целей и академического письма. Результатом реферативного обзора является модель жанровой педагогики, предложенная ведущими исследователями трех школ. Эта модель выдвигает на первый план профессиональные жанры и профессиональные практики, синтезируя эксплицитный и имплицитный методы преподавания жанров в современном контексте компьютерно-опосредованной коммуникации, которая основана на студентоцентричном подходе и принципе развития автономии студента.
Ключевые слова и фразы: жанровая педагогика, английский для специальных целей, новая риторика, студентоцентричный подход, cистемная функциональная лингвистика, genre pedagogy, Systemic Functional Linguistics, English for Specific Purposes, New Rhetoric, student-centered approach
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