SHAMATKHA MEDITATION PRACTICE IN MAH?Y?NA TRADITION OF THE GRADUAL PATH
Urbanaeva Irina Safronovna
Institute for Mongolian, Buddhist and Tibetan Studies of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Submitted: 21.07.2019
Abstract. The article characterizes shamatkha meditation as a special technique to develop one-pointed concentration common for the Indian spiritual traditions and used in Buddhism as an instrument to achieve Dharma. The paper considers the essence and specificity of this type of meditation in comparison with other meditative states and practices; the author reveals Je Tsongkhapa’s contribution to the development of the shamatkha theory and justification of its practical aspect within the "gradual path" system (Lamrim) and in combination with vipassana meditation. The paper emphasizes difference between Mah?y?na practices of "sudden" and "gradual path" while using one-pointed concentration techniques. The research material includes Samdkhinirmochana sutra, Maitreya’s shastra Madhy?ntavibh?ga, Kamala??la’s "Bh?van?krama", Tsongkhapa’s "Lamrim" and Gyalwa Ensapa’s teaching represented in Russia by Geshe Dzhampa Tinlei.
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